Kazakhstan Country Program Evaluation FY04-13
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Kazakhstan made steady progress on
poverty reduction and social development during the review
period, driven by impressive economic growth and rising
hydrocarbon prices. Yet, the country continues to grapple
with a number of systemic challenges, including: a lack of
progress on economic diversification and anticorruption; a
dominant role of the state in the economy; a lack of skills
in the labor force; and a legacy of environmental problems
inherited from the Soviet era. The quality of the Bank Group
dialogue with the government was exceptionally high
throughout the evaluation period. The Bank Group has
established itself as a trusted adviser to the government,
with a proven track record of timely delivery of
high-quality technical and policy advice, including
cabinet-level ‘brainstorming sessions’ and the client-funded
Joint Economic Research Program (JERP). Implementation of
the JERP suggests that it could become a powerful tool for
strengthening the partnership, advancing the reform agenda,
and gradually building up the lending program. At the same
time, the fully demand-driven nature of the program imposed
limitations on the Bank in defining strategic priorities in
its advisory work, disseminating findings, and engaging
local partners. Looking forward, the Bank Group will need to
(i) link the JERP with concrete sector investments and
advance monitoring and evaluation (M&E) tools to track
its effectiveness; (ii) disclose the main policy
recommendations; (iii) engage local partners and civil
society to advance transparency and accountability and build
capacity; (iv) select and prepare of a set of analytical
products independently and in line with the World Bank
Group’s global development mandate; and (v) be more
selective and strategic in sector engagement.
Palabras clave
TARIFFS, CAPITAL MARKETS, FISH, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, POLICY ENVIRONMENT, CARBON DIOXIDE, AIR QUALITY, WASTE MANAGEMENT, FOREST MANAGEMENT, CARBON, ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, EXPECTATIONS, FISHERIES MANAGEMENT, PRODUCERS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, HEAVY METALS, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, STRATEGIES, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, LABOR FORCE, EMISSIONS, POLITICAL ECONOMY, REVENUES, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, INCENTIVES, CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, DRINKING WATER QUALITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, INFLATION, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, AUDITS, RESOURCE USE, BUDGET, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, PRESENT VALUE, POLLUTION CONTROL LAWS, FISCAL POLICIES, EXPLOITATION, OIL PRICES, ARABLE LAND, DRYLANDS, AIR POLLUTION, OIL, NATURAL CAPITAL, POPULATION GROWTH, CORPORATE INCOME TAXES, CAPITAL FORMATION, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, OPTIONS, POLLUTION LEVELS, DEBT, LAND DEGRADATION, POLLUTION, CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS, FORESTRY, ECONOMIC POLICIES, NATURAL RESOURCES, METALS, SUBSIDIES, EFFICIENCY, RANGELANDS, CARBON EMISSIONS, TAXES, CANCER, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, EFFECTIVE USE, ENTITLEMENTS, RESOURCES, NATURAL MONOPOLIES, UNEMPLOYMENT, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, DEREGULATION, EQUITY, CAPITAL, WAGES, CLIMATE CHANGE, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, VALUES, BANK, CREDIT, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, PURCHASING POWER, DIVISION OF LABOR, DEMAND, CPI, ABATEMENT, SUSTAINABLE USE, MINES, NATIONAL INCOME, ELECTRICITY GENERATION, ENVIRONMENTS, EXPENDITURES, TAX RATES, ENVIRONMENT, ECONOMICS, SECURITIES, SUBSIDIARY, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, GOVERNANCE, FISHERIES, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, TRADE, LAND, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS, DRINKING WATER, HEALTH PROBLEMS, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, COAL, FARMS, COMPETITIVE MARKETS, AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES, WATER POLLUTION, REVENUE, POLLUTION CONTROL, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, LIVING CONDITIONS, TAX REFORM, ENVIRONMENTAL, POLICY INSTRUMENTS, GOVERNMENTS, PRICES, OIL SECTOR, ECONOMIES, COMPETITION, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES