Securing Durable Development in Afghanistan : Policy Notes for the Government
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Washington, DC
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The government of Afghanistan has an
opportunity in the coming months to turn the country around.
It is now opportune to improve security, governance, and
development. Unprecedented international military support,
political attention and aid are available to Afghanistan.
The government is inheriting years of good economic
performance, notable progress on social outcomes, and
continuing strong support from the international community.
Gross domestic product (GDP) has grown at an average of 12
percent in the last five years with moderate inflation and a
stable Afghani. The National Solidarity Program is spurring
community-driven rural development in nearly all districts
of the country and the large opium economy is in retreat.
Significant progress has been achieved in basic education
and health. Gender indicators are improving. The government
and its development partners have an obligation to seize
this opportunity for all Afghans. All donors made an
explicit commitment at the London Conference in January 2010
to progressively cede leadership to the Afghan people. The
donors agreed to route half of their development aid through
the national budget from the current one-fifth in the next
two years, as local capacity to execute development programs
improves. Further, donors aim to work together to improve
aid effectiveness by better alignment with Afghan
priorities, minimize opportunities for corruption and
improve aid predictability. This overview summarizes the
view of the World Bank on priority development issues and
policy actions. It is intended to be a useful reference for
the government as it prepares for the Kabul conference. The
issues and policy options proposed are consistent with the
ands and the Bank's interim strategy note of May 2009.
It synthesizes the key findings and analyses of the detailed
policy notes which draw upon the World Bank's past and
ongoing work in Afghanistan, as well as wider experiences,
including those from other countries experiencing conflict.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, ACCESS TO FOOD, ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES, ACCESS TO JUSTICE, ACCESS TO SERVICES, ADEQUATE CALORIES, ADVERSE IMPACTS, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION, AGRICULTURAL GROWTH, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL POLICY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL SECTORS, AID EFFECTIVENESS, ALTERNATIVE LIVELIHOODS, ANIMAL HEALTH, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, ARID REGION, ARTERIES, AUDITS, BASIC HEALTH, BASIC HEALTH CARE, BLOCK GRANTS, BOTTLENECKS, CALORIC INTAKE, CAPACITY BUILDING, CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS, CAPACITY-BUILDING, CAPITAL INVESTMENTS, CHRONIC MALNUTRITION, CLIMATE CHANGE, COAL, COMMERCIAL BANKS, COMMERCIAL FARMERS, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, COMPENSATION RATES, CONFLICT, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, CREDIT ACCESS, DECISION MAKING, DELIVERY MODELS, DEMAND FOR MEAT, DIVERSIFICATION, DRINKING WATER, DRIVERS, DRIVING, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC INCENTIVES, ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY, EDUCATION PROGRAMS, EMPLOYMENT CREATION, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, ENVIRONMENTS, EXPLOITATION, EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES, FARM INCOME, FARM INCOMES, FARM MANAGEMENT, FARM WATER, FARM-GATE, FARMERS, FOOD CROPS, FOOD EXPENDITURES, FOOD INSECURITY, FOOD POVERTY, FOOD PRICE, FOOD SECURITY, FREIGHT, FUELS, GENDER DIMENSIONS, GEOLOGICAL DATA, GLOBAL MARKETS, HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES, HOUSING, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RIGHTS, INCOME GENERATION, INCOME-GENERATING OPPORTUNITIES, INDUSTRIAL WATER, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, IRRIGATION, LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT, LIVESTOCK POPULATION, LIVESTOCK REARING, LIVESTOCK SECTOR, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, MALNUTRITION, MARKET FACTORS, MARKET FAILURES, MATERNAL MORTALITY, MILK, MINES, NATIONAL TRANSPORT, NATURAL RESOURCES, OIL, OPIUM, OPIUM CULTIVATION, OPIUM ECONOMY, OPIUM POPPY, OPIUM PRODUCTION, POLICE, POLLUTION, POOR ECONOMIC GROWTH, POOR INFRASTRUCTURE, POPPY, POPPY CULTIVATION, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY RATE, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC GOODS, PUBLIC SPENDING, PUBLIC WORKS, QUALITY STANDARDS, RAIL, RAIL TRANSPORT, RAILWAY, REGIONAL COOPERATION, REGIONAL FOOD, REGIONAL FORUMS, REGIONAL IMBALANCES, REGIONAL PARTNERS, REGIONAL TRANSPORT, RESETTLEMENT, RIVER BASINS, ROAD, ROAD NETWORK, ROUTE, ROUTES, RURAL, RURAL AREAS, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL ECONOMY, RURAL ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT, RURAL ENTERPRISES, RURAL FINANCE, RURAL GROWTH, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL INCOMES, RURAL INSTITUTIONS, RURAL POOR, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION, RURAL PRODUCTION, RURAL REHABILITATION, RURAL ROADS, RURAL SECTOR, RURAL WATER, SAFEGUARDS, SAFETY, SANITATION, SHEEP, SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION, SOCIAL CAPITAL, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOUTH ASIAN ASSOCIATION FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION, SPATIAL PATTERNS, SUBSISTENCE, SUBSISTENCE FARMERS, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT, TAX, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TRANSIT, TRANSIT ROUTES, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT NETWORK, TRANSPORT SECTOR, TRANSPORT STRATEGY, TRANSPORTATION, UNEMPLOYMENT, VEHICLE, VETERINARY SERVICES, VILLAGE LEVEL, VILLAGE LEVEL INFRASTRUCTURE, VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT, VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS, VULNERABLE PEOPLE, WAGES, WALKING, WALKING DISTANCE, WATER SUPPLIES, WATER USERS, WEALTH, WHEAT PRODUCTION, WIDESPREAD POVERTY