The Local Socioeconomic Effects of Gold Mining

Chuhan-Pole, Punam; Dabalen, Andrew L.; Kotsadam, Andreas; Sanoh, Aly; Tolonen, Anja

The Local Socioeconomic Effects of Gold Mining

Autores

Editor

World Bank, Washington, DC

Descripción

Ghana is experiencing its third gold rush, and this paper sheds light on the socioeconomic impacts of this rapid expansion in industrial production. The paper uses a rich data set consisting of geocoded household data combined with detailed information on gold mining activities, and conducts two types of difference-in-differences estimations that provide complementary evidence. The first is a local-level analysis that identifies an economic footprint area very close to a mine; the second is a district-level analysis that captures the fiscal channel. The results indicate that men are more likely to benefit from direct employment as miners and that women are more likely to gain from indirect employment opportunities in services, although these results are imprecisely measured. Long-established households gain access to infrastructure, such as electricity and radios. Migrants living close to mines are less likely to have access to electricity and the incidence of diarrheal diseases is higher among migrant children. Overall, however, infant mortality rates decrease significantly in mining communities.

Palabras clave

SANITATION, ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT, INFANT MORTALITY RATES, LIVING STANDARDS, CHILD HEALTH, ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE, EMPLOYMENT, LARGE-SCALE MINES, MOTIVATION, WORKFORCE, LOCAL POPULATION, ACCOUNTING, URBANIZATION, PRODUCTION, INCOME, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, GOLD MINING, MINING SECTOR, RESOURCE DEPENDENCE, INFORMATION, LABOR FORCE, SURVIVAL RATE, HIGH POPULATION GROWTH, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, PRENATAL CARE, HEALTH CARE, LIFETIME FERTILITY, EFFECTS, FEMALE EMPLOYMENT, POLICY DISCUSSIONS, SCALE MINING, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, FEWER HOUSEHOLDS, NATIONAL LEVEL, GENDER BIAS, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION, MINERAL SECTOR, RENTS, LABOR MARKET, POPULATION CENSUS, DISEASES, PMI, LOCAL MINING COMMUNITIES, POPULATION GROWTH, DISPLACEMENT, ANTENATAL VISITS, INCOME INEQUALITY, GOLD, ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, GOLD MINES, PRODUCTIVITY, MIGRATION, TRANSFERS, MINING COMPANIES, MARKETS, SEXUAL RISK, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, MINING ACTIVITY, ORGANIZATIONS, POLLUTION, MINING INDUSTRY, STANDARDS, LABOR, PLACE OF RESIDENCE, MIGRANTS, NATURAL RESOURCES, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, ARTISANAL AND SMALL-SCALE MINING, MORTALITY, RADIO, ACTIVE MINES, RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, RESPECT, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, PROGRESS, GOLD MINE, INFANT MORTALITY, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL, INFANT, MIDWIFE, MIGRANT, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE, FOOD SECURITY, RECREATION, WAGES, POLICIES, CHRONIC MALNUTRITION, MINERAL RESOURCES, HIV, POLYGAMY, WOMAN, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, VALUE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, MINES, WORKSHOP, URBAN AREAS, MINING ROYALTIES, JOB CREATION, POPULATIONS, MOTHER, YOUNG CHILDREN, NATIONALS, POLICY, INFANT HEALTH, ECONOMICS, CITIZENS, MINING COMMUNITIES, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, SPILLOVER, MANAGEMENT, CHILD MORTALITY, MINING ACTIVITIES, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, LARGE-SCALE MINING, SECURITY, LOCAL COMMUNITIES, WAR, INVESTMENT, NATURAL RESOURCE, RISK, BENEFICIAL EFFECTS, MIDWIVES, ILLNESS, FEWER PEOPLE, SUPPLY, HUMAN WELFARE, SUBSISTENCE FARMING, POPULATION, MARITAL STATUS, GOLD RUSH, LIVING CONDITIONS, CHILD LABOR, POLICY RESEARCH, FERTILITY, WOMEN, LABOUR, LABOR MARKETS, OUTCOMES, GOLD PRODUCTION, PRICES, DEVELOPMENT POLICY