Implications of agricultural trade liberalization for the developing countries
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The developing countries as a group could expect to experience only small welfare gains
if they chose not to actively participate in agricultural trade liberalization and relied solely
on the benefits of partial liberalization in the OECD countries. Participation along the lines
of the Dunkel package, with the developing countries reducing positive assistance by less
than the developed countries, would yield gains of the order of US $20 billion. More
comprehensive participation in trade liberalization involving reductions of both positive and
negative protection would almost triple these welfare gains. While some developing countries
do not gain from trade liberalization even with full participation, the number of such
countries and the magnitude of their losses are greatly reduced.