Emergency Assistance to Enhance Preparedness for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) Outbreak in Ukraine - TCP/UKR/3802
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In late July 2020, both the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan began documenting outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) caused by the H5 virus strain in domestic fowl and wild birds near their shared border. The infection subsequently spread across the region via a number of migratory routes of wild birds, resulting in the identification of H5N8 HPAI cases in Western Europe, East Asia, the Middle East, and Africa by early November 2020. By May 2021, around 3 000 occurrences of HPAI had been documented across approximately 50 countries in Europe, Asia, and Africa. The H5N8 avian influenza (AI) virus, along with other H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b viruses, exhibits strong adaptation to both fowl and different species of wild birds. Notably, the H5N8 AI virus has led to seven cases of asymptomatic human infections in the Russian Federation, underscoring its potential for zoonotic transmission. Moreover, in July 2021, the Russian Federation notified the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) regarding significant pelican mortality in Central Siberia. Experts interpreted this event as a clear indicator of what could potentially occur in Europe during the autumn migration, starting from late August 2021.