Global Redistribution of Income

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dc.creatorBourguignon, François
dc.creatorLevin, Victoria
dc.creatorRosenblatt, David
dc.date2012-06-18T22:20:37Z
dc.date2012-06-18T22:20:37Z
dc.date2006-07
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:28:27Z
dc.descriptionThe actual distribution of world income across countries is extremely unequal, much higher than the within country inequality faced by most countries. The question studied in this paper is: How do international policies on aid, trade, and factor movements affect the international distribution of income? To begin to answer this question, the authors calculate the impact by decile of the actual level of aid flows and the effect on potential income of merchandise trade restrictions by high-income countries. They find that aid's distributional impact is equality enhancing. While it is extremely small in terms of changes in standard inequality measures, it is of some importance for the lowest decile of the world's income distribution. The authors also find that some of this impact is counteracted by lost potential income in the lower deciles from merchandise trade barriers imposed by high-income countries. In brief, there is a contradiction in international policies where aid's equality-enhancing effect is somewhat offset by protectionism. They also discuss some of the analytical difficulties with extending this analysis of redistribution to other forms of international factor flows-more specifically, migrant worker and profit remittances. The analysis presented is partial and static and ignores within country distribution. As such, the authors suggest that future research should explore the distributional consequences of the broader general equilibrium effects, dynamic effects, and externalities associated with aid, trade, and factor flows. Future research should also analyze the within country distributional impacts of international policies.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/07/6913954/global-redistribution-income
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/8384
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3961
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/418409
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 3961
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectABSOLUTE VALUE
dc.subjectAGGREGATE INEQUALITY
dc.subjectBASE YEAR
dc.subjectBENCHMARK
dc.subjectBENCHMARKS
dc.subjectBILATERAL DONORS
dc.subjectBILATERAL GRANTS
dc.subjectCAPITAL ACCUMULATION
dc.subjectCAPITAL FLOWS
dc.subjectCITIZEN
dc.subjectCITIZENS
dc.subjectCOUNTRIES OF ORIGIN
dc.subjectCOUNTRY OF ORIGIN
dc.subjectCUMULATIVE POPULATION
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEBT FORGIVENESS
dc.subjectDEBT SERVICE
dc.subjectDEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING WORLD
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACT
dc.subjectECONOMIC BARRIERS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC REVIEW
dc.subjectECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL LITERATURE
dc.subjectEQUAL DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectFACTOR INCOME
dc.subjectFOREIGN AID
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFUTURE RESEARCH
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP DEFLATOR
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
dc.subjectGINI COEFFICIENT
dc.subjectGRANT ELEMENTS
dc.subjectGROSS NATIONAL INCOME
dc.subjectGROWTH PROSPECTS
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectHIGH INEQUALITY
dc.subjectHOST COUNTRIES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY DATA
dc.subjectIMMIGRATION
dc.subjectIMMIGRATION POLICIES
dc.subjectIMPACT ANALYSIS
dc.subjectIMPACT OF POLICIES
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subjectINCOME REDISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME TRANSFER
dc.subjectINCOMES
dc.subjectINCREASED REDISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINEQUALITY AVERSION
dc.subjectINEQUALITY MEASURES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BORDERS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL POLICIES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL POLICY
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLATIN AMERICAN
dc.subjectLORENZ CURVE
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMARKET IMPERFECTIONS
dc.subjectMIGRANT
dc.subjectMIGRANT WORKERS
dc.subjectMIGRANTS
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectNATIONAL INCOME
dc.subjectNATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectNATIONALS
dc.subjectNEGATIVE GROWTH
dc.subjectNEGATIVE IMPACT
dc.subjectOFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectOPEN ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY REFORMS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOOR COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPOPULATION SIZE
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPOWER PARITY
dc.subjectPROGRAMS
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPROTECTIONISM
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER PARITY
dc.subjectRATES OF GROWTH
dc.subjectREAL EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectREAL INCOME
dc.subjectRECIPIENT COUNTRIES
dc.subjectRECIPIENT COUNTRY
dc.subjectREDISTRIBUTION POLICIES
dc.subjectREDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS
dc.subjectREDISTRIBUTIVE IMPACT
dc.subjectREGRESSION RESULTS
dc.subjectRELATIVE INCOME
dc.subjectREMITTANCE
dc.subjectREMITTANCES
dc.subjectREPATRIATION
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectSIMULATIONS
dc.subjectSOCIAL WELFARE
dc.subjectSUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
dc.subjectTARGETING
dc.subjectTRADE BALANCE
dc.subjectTRADE BARRIERS
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE REFORMS
dc.subjectVALUE JUDGMENTS
dc.subjectWAR
dc.subjectWELL-BEING
dc.subjectWORLD POPULATION
dc.titleGlobal Redistribution of Income

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