Early Childhood Development and Education in China : Breaking the Cycle of Poverty and Improving Future Competitiveness

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dc.creatorWu, Kin Bing
dc.date2014-05-15T22:05:20Z
dc.date2014-05-15T22:05:20Z
dc.date2011-01
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:54:20Z
dc.descriptionNeuroscience and longitudinal studies of early childhood development and education (ECDE) found that prenatal care and experiences from birth to the first six years (0-6), affect physical and brain development of children, and thereby the cognitive and socio-emotional development in subsequent stages of their lives. Lack of access to nutrition and health care, insufficient stimulating human interaction, and non-enrollment in pre-primary education are associated with lower educational attainment and achievement, which, in turn, reduce life-time earnings and potentially contribute to disruptive behavior to society. Investing in ECDE yields the highest economic returns because early learning and formation of good habits and social skills are far more productive than later, remedial education and training. The internal rates of return of rigorously evaluated ECDE programs range from 7 percent to 18 percent, which are higher than the rates of return to financial capital. Investments in ECDE are one of the most cost-effective strategies to break the inter-generational transmission of poverty, and to improve productivity and social cohesion in the long run. The report considers it highly desirable to universalize ECDE for the 0-6 age group in the long run because it equalizes opportunities and enhances the country's future competitiveness. But the report focuses on the medium term and advocates a two-pronged, pro-poor approach in the 12th Five Year Plan (2011-2015).
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/01/13829205/early-childhood-development-education-china-breaking-cycle-poverty-improving-future-competitiveness
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/18375
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/18375
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/412741
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCESS TO INFORMATION
dc.subjectAGE GROUPS
dc.subjectAGED
dc.subjectAGING
dc.subjectBABIES
dc.subjectBABY
dc.subjectBASIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectBASIC KNOWLEDGE
dc.subjectBILINGUAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectBOARDING
dc.subjectBOARDING SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectBREAST FEEDING
dc.subjectCAREGIVERS
dc.subjectCHILD CARE
dc.subjectCHILD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCHILD HEALTH
dc.subjectCHILD HEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectCHILD MORTALITY
dc.subjectCHILD PROTECTION
dc.subjectCHILD REARING
dc.subjectCHRONIC DISEASE
dc.subjectCITIZENS
dc.subjectCLASS SIZE
dc.subjectCLASSROOM
dc.subjectCLASSROOM MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectCLINICS
dc.subjectCOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCOGNITIVE SKILLS
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY HEALTH
dc.subjectCOMPULSORY EDUCATION
dc.subjectCURRICULUM
dc.subjectCYCLE OF POVERTY
dc.subjectDENTAL HEALTH
dc.subjectDEPENDENCY RATIO
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES
dc.subjectDIABETES
dc.subjectDIET
dc.subjectDISABILITY
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATORS
dc.subjectEARLY EDUCATION
dc.subjectEARLY INTERVENTION
dc.subjectEARLY INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectEARLY LEARNING
dc.subjectEARLY STIMULATION
dc.subjectEARLY YEARS OF LIFE
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC INEQUALITY
dc.subjectEDUCATION FINANCE
dc.subjectEDUCATION SERVICES
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL INDICATORS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL SERVICES
dc.subjectELIMINATION OF FEES
dc.subjectEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectENROLLMENT
dc.subjectENROLMENTS
dc.subjectEQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY
dc.subjectEXERCISES
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectFAMILY CARE
dc.subjectFAMILY EDUCATION
dc.subjectFAMILY INCOME
dc.subjectFAMILY PLANNING
dc.subjectFAMILY PLANNING COMMISSION
dc.subjectFAMILY WELFARE
dc.subjectFIRST AID
dc.subjectGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF POVERTY
dc.subjectGER
dc.subjectGIRLS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLMENT
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLMENT RATIO
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS
dc.subjectHEALTH EDUCATION
dc.subjectHEALTH INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectHEALTH PROMOTION
dc.subjectHEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectHOSPITAL
dc.subjectHOSPITALS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectHYGIENE
dc.subjectHYPERTENSION
dc.subjectIMMUNIZATION
dc.subjectINFECTIOUS DISEASES
dc.subjectINJURIES
dc.subjectINSTRUCTION
dc.subjectINSTRUCTIONAL TIME
dc.subjectINTERVENTION
dc.subjectINVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION
dc.subjectIRON
dc.subjectKINDERGARTEN
dc.subjectKINDERGARTENS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLAWS
dc.subjectLEADERSHIP
dc.subjectLEARNING MATERIALS
dc.subjectLEARNING OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectLEGAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectLEVELS OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLIFE SKILLS
dc.subjectLIVE BIRTH
dc.subjectLIVE BIRTHS
dc.subjectLOCAL CAPACITY
dc.subjectLOCAL COMMUNITIES
dc.subjectLOW BIRTH WEIGHT
dc.subjectMALNOURISHED CHILDREN
dc.subjectMATERNAL HEALTH
dc.subjectMATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectMATERNAL MORTALITY
dc.subjectMEDICAL CARE
dc.subjectMIGRANT
dc.subjectMIGRANT WORKERS
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL
dc.subjectMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
dc.subjectMINISTRY OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectMINISTRY OF HEALTH
dc.subjectMINORITY
dc.subjectMORTALITY
dc.subjectMOTHER
dc.subjectNATIONAL COMMITTEE
dc.subjectNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN
dc.subjectNATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectNATIONAL PLAN
dc.subjectNATIONAL POPULATION
dc.subjectNER
dc.subjectNET ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectNET ENROLLMENT RATIO
dc.subjectNON-FORMAL TRAINING
dc.subjectNUMERACY
dc.subjectNUTRITION
dc.subjectNUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY
dc.subjectNUTRITIONAL STATUS
dc.subjectOBESITY
dc.subjectORPHANS
dc.subjectPARENTING
dc.subjectPARTICIPATION OF WOMEN
dc.subjectPEDIATRICS
dc.subjectPERSONALITY
dc.subjectPHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectPHYSICAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPOLICY FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectPOLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subjectPOOR FAMILIES
dc.subjectPOPULATION AGE STRUCTURE
dc.subjectPRE-NATAL CARE
dc.subjectPREGNANCY
dc.subjectPREGNANT WOMEN
dc.subjectPRENATAL CARE
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY CAREGIVERS
dc.subjectPRIMARY CLASSES
dc.subjectPRIMARY CURRICULUM
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPROPHYLAXIS
dc.subjectPROVISION OF SERVICES
dc.subjectPSYCHOLOGY
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICES
dc.subjectPUPIL-TO-TEACHER RATIO
dc.subjectPUPILS PER TEACHER
dc.subjectQUALITY CARE
dc.subjectREADING
dc.subjectREDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITY
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
dc.subjectRIGHTS OF WOMEN
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL CHILDREN
dc.subjectRURAL COUNTIES
dc.subjectRURAL GIRLS
dc.subjectRURAL RESIDENTS
dc.subjectRURAL SCHOOLS
dc.subjectRURAL STUDENTS
dc.subjectRURAL TEACHERS
dc.subjectSANITATION
dc.subjectSCHOOL HEALTH
dc.subjectSCHOOL READINESS
dc.subjectSCHOOL SYSTEM
dc.subjectSCHOOL-AGE POPULATION
dc.subjectSECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectSERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectSERVICE PROVIDERS
dc.subjectSERVICE PROVISION
dc.subjectSERVICES FOR CHILDREN
dc.subjectSMOKING
dc.subjectSOCIAL COHESION
dc.subjectSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSOCIAL GROUPS
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICE
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSOCIAL SKILLS
dc.subjectSPECIAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectSTUDENT ACHIEVEMENT
dc.subjectSTUDENT ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectTEACHERS
dc.subjectTEACHING
dc.subjectTECHNICAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectTERTIARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectTUITION
dc.subjectTV
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN MIGRATION
dc.subjectURBAN POPULATION
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectVACCINATION
dc.subjectWAR
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.subjectWORKFORCE
dc.subjectWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectYOUNG CHILDREN
dc.subjectYOUTH
dc.titleEarly Childhood Development and Education in China : Breaking the Cycle of Poverty and Improving Future Competitiveness

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