Brokers vs. Retailers: Evidence from the French Imports Industry of Fresh Produce.
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There is little discussion in the literature about trade intermediaries
because data is rare. Using very original data, our article sheds light on the
behavior of trade intermediaries when importing fresh fruit and vegetables
in France. To do so, we distinguish among direct and indirect imports
respectively operated through brokers or retailers. We then investigate the
impact of country level data on the share of indirect/direct flows of imports
by country of origin at the 8-digit level that enter the french market. We
show that brokers are more likely to operate in context when fixed and
variable costs to trade are high whereas retailers are sensitive to tariffs and
product sensitivity.