Malaysia
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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This case study on Malaysia is part of
phase two of the multicountry Universal Health Coverage
study series (UNICO), which explores propoor universal
health coverage (UHC) programs, which expanded one or more
of the three dimensions of the UHC cube, breadth of
population coverage, depth of service coverage, and height
of financial coverage, in a manner that is propoor. Malaysia
is one of only a handful of global examples of low-income or
middle-income healthcare systems which had been able to
deliver equitable and effective health outcomes at low cost
and with strong financial protection, through public sector
supply-side investments. The experiences and lessons learnt
from Malaysia’s Public Healthcare System (PHS) are hence
relevant for low, and low-middle-income countries
considering such a pathway to UHC. Sections two to four of
this case study describes the political, economic, and
population context in which PHS exists, and covers two
important aspects of PHS, service delivery and health
financing, which are instrumental to its success. PHS
coexists with a large parallel private sector, which is
described together in these sections. Additional topics on
PHS, its institutional architecture, management of its
benefits package, and information environment, are covered
in sections five to seven. Two major focus areas are then
discussed: the first focus area (section eight) discusses
how PHS achieved propoor coverage through implicit
targeting, while the second focus area explores the
interrelationship between PHS and the private sector.
Section 10 concludes with a proposed reform agenda for Malaysia.
Palabras clave
UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE, SERVICE DELIVERY, DEMOGRAPHICS, HEALTH FINANCING, INSTITUTIONS, PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, BENEFITS PACKAGE, PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT, ACCOUNTABILITY, TARGETING, PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE, FOREIGN WORKERS, RURAL HEALTH, BENEFITS INCIDENCE ANALYSIS