Armenia
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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This report provides a review of the
Armenian mining sector, and assesses its potential to
contribute to sustainable economic growth and development.
Based on the findings, it provides recommendations for
initiatives and actions for the future development of the
sector. The report was produced in the period October 2015
to April 2016. It was commissioned by the World Bank with
the aim to assist the Armenian government to gain a better
understanding of key social and environmental challenges and
future opportunities for the Armenian Mining Sector; and to
support the development of a minerals strategy which is line
with international good practices and which contributes to
sustainable development. The findings are based on: desktop
reviews of existing documents; a large number of meetings
and interviews with affected and interested stakeholders;
field work performed in the main mining districts of
Armenia; stakeholder workshops. Comments, suggestions and
corrections on a draft version of this report has been
provided by representatives of the GoA, and the World Bank.
Further, oversight and feedback was continuously provided by
representatives of the World Bank.
Palabras clave
POPULATION DENSITIES, EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES, SOCIAL COSTS, FISH, GEOLOGICAL DATA, RECLAMATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, MULTIPLIERS, FOSSIL FUELS, PROVEN RESERVES, BENEFIT STREAMS, AIR QUALITY, WASTE MANAGEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, ARD, CARBON, REFRIGERATION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, EXPECTATIONS, SUSTAINABILITY, MINING SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCERS, LAND RECLAMATION, PROPERTY RIGHTS, ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS, HEAVY METALS, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, MINING SECTOR, EMISSIONS, REVENUES, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, ECONOMIC PROBLEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, EQUILIBRIUM, MODELS, PRIVATE PROPERTY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, CLOSURE, MINERAL SECTOR, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, RESOURCE USE, TOXIC SUBSTANCES, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, EXPLOITATION, ENVIRONMENTAL RISK, AIR POLLUTION, OIL, MINERAL SECTORS, OPTIONS, EXTERNALITIES, CARBON TAXES, DEBT, EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE, UPSTREAM SOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT, POLLUTION, PUBLIC HEARINGS, BENEFIT ANALYSIS, POLICY DECISIONS, NATURAL RESOURCES, METALS, EI, WATER BASINS, SUBSIDIES, EFFICIENCY, TAILINGS, TAXES, CANCER, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, LAND USE, RESOURCES, UNEMPLOYMENT, POTENTIAL INVESTORS, COPPER SMELTERS, ECONOMIC IMPACT, WAGES, CLIMATE CHANGE, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, GEOLOGY, VALUES, ECONOMIC VALUE, POLICY MAKERS, LAND-USE CONFLICT, QUALITY STANDARDS, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, DEFORESTATION, DEMAND, MINES, AGGREGATE DEMAND, ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES, EXPENDITURES, PROPERTY, ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION, LOGGING, DECISION MAKING, ENVIRONMENTAL TAX, TAX RATES, ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE, ENVIRONMENT, OLD MINES, STREAMS, ECONOMICS, WASTE DISPOSAL, MINERAL RIGHTS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, TRADE, LAND, EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES, POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES, PUBLIC PARTICIPATION, COAL, WATER POLLUTION, REVENUE, RISK MANAGEMENT, LIVING CONDITIONS, RECYCLING, ECONOMISTS, ARSENIC, ACID ROCK DRAINAGE, PASTURES, EITI, MINING POLICY, CERCLA, PROFITS, ENVIRONMENTAL, WETLANDS, TAILINGS MANAGEMENT, PRICES, OIL SECTOR, PRODUCTION COSTS, ECONOMIES