The Varieties of Resource Experience : Natural Resource Export Structures and the Political Economy of Economic Growth
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Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank
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Many oil, mineral, and plantation
crop-based economies experienced a substantial deceleration
in growth following the commodity boom and bust of the 1970s
and early 1980s. This article illustrates how countries
dependent on point source natural resources (those extracted
from a narrow geographic or economic base, such as oil and
minerals) and plantation crops are predisposed to heightened
economic and social divisions and weakened institutional
capacity. This in turn impedes their ability to respond
effectively to shocks, which previous studies have shown to
be essential for sustaining rising levels of prosperity.
Analysis of data on classifications of export structure,
controlling for a wide array of other potential determinants
of governance, shows that point source and coffee and cocoa
exporting countries do relatively poorly across an array of
governance indicators. These governance effects are not
associated simply with being a natural resource exporter.
Countries with natural resource exports that are diffuse
relying primarily on livestock and agricultural produce from
small family farms do not show the same strong effects and
have had more robust growth recoveries.
Palabras clave
ACCOUNTABILITY, AGGREGATING GOVERNANCE INDICATORS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURE, ANIMALS, BANANAS, BUREAUCRACY, CAPITAL INTENSITY, CD, CITIZEN, CITIZENS, CIVIL LIBERTIES, CIVIL SOCIETY, CIVIL WAR, CLIENT COUNTRIES, COCOA, COERCION, COFFEE, COLLECTIVE ACTION, COMMODITIES, COMMODITY, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, COMPARATIVE ECONOMICS, CORN, CORRUPTION, COTTON, COUNTRY RISK, CROP, CROPS, DEBT, DEMOCRACY, DEMOCRATIC REFORMS, DETERMINANTS OF GOVERNANCE, DETERMINANTS OF GROWTH, DEVELOPING ECONOMIES, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DISEASE VECTORS, ECONOMETRICS, ECONOMIC CONDITIONS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC HISTORIANS, ECONOMIC HISTORY, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIC PROGRAMS, ECONOMIC RESEARCH, ECONOMIC STRUCTURE, ECONOMICS RESEARCH, EXPORT CROPS, EXPORTS, EXPOSURE, FACTOR ENDOWMENTS, FARMS, FASCISM, FERTILIZER, FERTILIZERS, FOREIGN AID, GDP, GDP PER CAPITA, GEOLOGY, GNP, GNP PER CAPITA, GOOD GOVERNANCE, GOVERNANCE INDICATORS, GOVERNANCE INSTITUTIONS, GOVERNMENT CAPACITY, GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS, GROWTH PERFORMANCE, GROWTH RATE, GROWTH RATES, GROWTH REGRESSION, INCOME, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOME INEQUALITY, INDUSTRIALIZATION, INEQUALITY, INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS, INNOVATION, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, INSTITUTIONAL MEASURES, INSTITUTIONAL PERFORMANCE, INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY, INSTITUTIONAL REFORM, INSTITUTIONAL VARIABLES, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT, LOW-INCOME COUNTRY, MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES, MEASUREMENT ERROR, MEAT, MINORITY, MODERNIZATION, MONETARY ECONOMICS, MORTALITY, MOTHER, NATURAL ENDOWMENTS, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCES, NET EXPORTS, OILSEEDS, OLIGARCHY, OPEN ECONOMY, OUTPUT, PLANTATIONS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLITICAL CHANGE, POLITICAL CONDITIONS, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLITICAL INFLUENCE, POLITICAL INSTABILITY, POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, POLITICAL LEGITIMACY, POLITICAL POWER, POLITICAL RIGHTS, POLITICAL STABILITY, POLITICAL STRUCTURES, POOR GOVERNANCE, POOR PERFORMANCE, POPULATION GROWTH, PRIME MINISTER, PRODUCE, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, PUBLIC POLICY, PURCHASING POWER, PURCHASING POWER PARITY, REGULATORY BURDEN, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, REMITTANCES, RESPECT, RICE, RULE OF LAW, RURAL PRODUCER, SECONDARY SCHOOL, SMALLHOLDERS, SOCIAL COHESION, SOCIAL CONFLICT, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL DIMENSIONS, SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS, SOCIAL STRUCTURE, SPICES, STATE UNIVERSITY, SUGAR, TAX, TAXATION, TEA, TECHNICAL SKILLS, THIRD WORLD, TOBACCO, TRANSPARENCY, TREE CROPS, URBAN DWELLERS, URBANIZATION, USE OF RESOURCES, VEGETABLE OILS, VEGETABLES, VESTED INTERESTS, VOLATILITY, WARS, WEALTH, WHEAT, WORKFORCE, WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, WORLD ECONOMIES, WORLD TRADE, YIELDS