From the International Financial Crisis towards Inclusive Growth in the Dominican Republic
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Washington, DC: World Bank
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During the second half of the year 2008,
the world experienced the worst worldwide economic crisis in
over 70 years. The effects deriving from this crisis can
still be felt over most of the planet. Low or negative
economic growth in developed nations and emerging economies,
high levels of unemployment and millions of persons below
the poverty line, are some of the starkest examples. In the
Dominican Republic, the effects of this international crisis
are manifested in the reduction in international trade, the
drop in tourism and in remittances, and an economic growth
rate lower than expected. In this regard, the Dominican
Republic asked the World Bank to prepare nine policy notes
which are presented in this volume. These notes focus on the
following topics: 1) long run economic growth in the
Dominican Republic; 2) ease of doing business; 3) logistics
for competitiveness; 4) access to financial services with
emphasis on financing for micro, small and medium
enterprises (MSMEs); 5) the electricity sector; 6) climate
change and the Dominican Republic, 7) the health sector, 8)
territorial development, and 9) accountability and
performance system. The policy notes presented here argue
that an inclusive development is possible in the Dominican
Republic. However, great challenges must be faced to meet
this goal. From the analysis presented in this volume four
challenges emerge which must be faced head-on in order to
achieve sustainable and inclusive development.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO EDUCATION, ACCESS TO SERVICES, ACCOUNTABILITY, AGGREGATE DEMAND, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURE, ALLOCATION, ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES, ANNUAL RATE, BUDGET CYCLE, BUDGETARY PRESSURE, BUDGETARY SYSTEMS, CAPITAL INVESTMENTS, CENTRAL BANK, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, CITIZENS, CLIMATE CHANGE, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES, COMPETITIVENESS, CONSUMERS, DECENTRALIZATION, DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE, DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION, DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS, DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES, DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY, DIVERSIFICATION, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC EXPANSION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIC POLICY, ECONOMIC STRUCTURE, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, ELASTICITY, EMPLOYMENT CREATION, ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES, EXPORTS, EXTREME POVERTY, FIGHT AGAINST POVERTY, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION, FINANCIAL SECTOR, FINANCIAL SERVICES, FINANCIAL STATISTICS, FINANCIAL SYSTEM, FISCAL DISCIPLINE, FISCAL PRESSURE, FREE TRADE, GDP, GDP PER CAPITA, GENDER EQUALITY, GENDER ISSUES, GINI COEFFICIENT, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, GOVERNMENT OUTLAYS, GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS, GREENHOUSE GAS, GROWTH IMPACT, GROWTH PERFORMANCE, GROWTH POTENTIAL, GROWTH RATE, GROWTH WITHOUT DEVELOPMENT, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH EXPENDITURE, HEALTH EXPENDITURES, HEALTH OUTCOME, HEALTH REFORM, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SECTOR REFORM, HEALTH SYSTEM, HIV, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IMPORTANT POLICY, INCOME, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOME INEQUALITY, INCOME LEVELS, INCOME QUINTILE, INCOME TAXES, INEQUALITY MEASURES, INFANT, INFANT MORTALITY, INFANT MORTALITY RATES, INFECTIOUS DISEASES, INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, JOB CREATION, LABOR MARKET, LABOR SUPPLY, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LIMITED RESOURCES, LONG RUN, MALARIA, MATERNAL MORTALITY, MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE, MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES, MIGRATION, MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS, MODERNIZATION, MORTALITY, MOV, MUNICIPALITIES, NATIONAL COUNCIL, NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, NATIONAL HEALTH EXPENDITURES, NATIONAL LEVEL, NATURAL GAS, NATURAL RESOURCES, OPERATIONAL COSTS, OUTCOME INDICATORS, OUTPUT PER CAPITA, OVERPOPULATION, PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY, PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, PERFORMANCE INFORMATION, POLICY ALTERNATIVES, POLICY OPTIONS, POLITICAL INSTABILITY, POLLUTION, POOR, POOR HOUSEHOLD, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POPULATION ACTIVITIES, POSITIVE EFFECTS, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRIVATE ENTERPRISES, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATE SPENDING, PRODUCTIVE ASSETS, PRODUCTIVITY, PROGRAM MANAGER, PROGRAMS, PROGRESS, PROVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES, PROVISION OF SERVICES, PUBLIC AGENCIES, PUBLIC DEBATE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS, PUBLIC INTERVENTIONS, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, PUBLIC MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC POLICY, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SECTORS, PUBLIC SERVICES, QUALITY OF PUBLIC SPENDING, RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES, REMITTANCES, RESPECT, REVENUE SOURCES, RURAL, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, SAVINGS, SAVINGS DEPOSITS, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SCHOOL YEARS, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL COHESION, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL EQUITY, SOCIAL EXPENDITURE, SOCIAL EXPENDITURES, SOCIAL INDICATORS, SOCIAL JUSTICE, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS, STRUCTURAL REFORMS, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TARGETING, TAX COLLECTION, TAX COLLECTIONS, TAX STRUCTURE, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, TOTAL OUTPUT, TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, TRANSACTION COSTS, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORTATION, TREATIES, TUBERCULOSIS, TYPES OF PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNFPA, URBAN AREAS, URBAN POPULATION, URBAN POVERTY, URBANIZATION, VULNERABILITY, WATER RESOURCES, WEALTH, WELFARE INDICATORS, WORLD ECONOMIC INDICATORS