Increasing green cover and carbon accumulation through afforestation of salt affected areas in drylands of India
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As part of its intended nationally determined contribution (INDC) to the Paris climate agreement 2015, India has committed to create an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent through additional forest and tree cover by 2030. One of the strategies worked out towards this is to afforest about 2.98 million ha of salty wastelands in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Haryana and Punjab states of India. Trials were conducted on barren lithic, calcid, coarse sandy to loamy sand salt affected soil in Jodhpur (Rajasthan) and silty black highly saline soil in little Rann of kachchh (Gujarat). The approach was to grow salt tolerant species & use soil amendments. The indigenous multipurpose halophytic tree Salvadora persica maintained 66.7 to 85.2 % survival even after ten years. Gypsum + 9g N treatment gave 85.2 % survival and 12.0 & 5.67 kg tree-1 of fresh & dry biomass in arid sandy soils in Rajasthan while on black soil in Gujarat, wheat husk (WH)+FYM+urea treatment gave 90% survival and 7.17 & 3.71 kg tree -1 Green & dry biomass. A. bivenosa was more suitable with WH+FYM treatment on black soil. Acacia ampliceps (Australian tree) recorded 76 % survival on gypsum treated deep alkali soils (60 to 75 cm depth) and yielded twofold biomass (12.0 & 5.35 tree-1 to 5.43 & 2.14 kg tree-1 fresh & dry biomass for gypsum treated and 8.1 & 5.35 kg tree-1 to 3.9 & 1.56 kg tree-1 fresh & dry biomass for untreated trees on deeper and shallow soils) at five years of age. Natural regeneration of S. persica was also observed on sandy soil in Rajasthan, especially under Prosopis juliflora. Overall, significant improvement in site conditions improved and growth of indigenous vegetation was observed.
Keywords: Sustainable forest management; Deforestation and forest degradation; Landscape management; Climate change; Economic Development
ID: 3485327