Are Women Less Productive Farmers?

Savastano, Sara; Larson, Donald F.; Murray, Siobhan; Palacios-Lopez, Amparo

Are Women Less Productive Farmers?

Autores

Savastano, Sara

Larson, Donald F.

Murray, Siobhan

Palacios-Lopez, Amparo

Editor

World Bank, Washington, DC

Descripción

African governments and international development groups see boosting productivity on smallholder farms as key to reducing rural poverty and safeguarding the food security of farming and non-farming households. Prompting smallholder farmers to use more fertilizer has been a key tactic. Closing the productivity gap between male and female farmers has been another avenue toward achieving the same goal. The results in this paper suggest the two are related. Fertilizer use and maize yields among smallholder farmers in Uganda are increased by improved access to markets and extension services, and reduced by ex ante risk-mitigating production decisions. Standard ordinary least squares regression results indicate that gender matters as well; however, the measured productivity gap between male and female farmers disappears when gender is included in a list of determinants meant to capture the indirect effects of market and extension access.

Palabras clave

TROPICAL AGRICULTURE, RISKS, FARMING SYSTEM, ACCOUNTING, FERTILIZER, PRODUCTION, CROP SELECTION, FARMER, BEANS, GENETIC RESOURCES, INCOME, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, FARM PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL PLOTS, AGRICULTURAL SECTORS, INFORMATION, FARM MANAGEMENT, FOOD POLICY, PLANTING, EFFECTS, CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS, FARMING SYSTEMS RESEARCH, IFPRI, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, AGRICULTURAL DATA, FAMILY FARMS, CIMMYT, FARM INCOME, IMPACT ON YIELDS, INTERCROPPING, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, SAFETY NETS, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, FERTILIZERS, SMALL FARMERS, KNOWLEDGE, MAIZE, MAIZE CROP, CROPPING SYSTEMS, CROP PRODUCTION, FARM MANAGERS, PRODUCTION SYSTEM, AGRICULTURAL MARKETS, AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY, LABOR RESOURCES, SEEDS, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, MAIZE FARMERS, PRODUCTIVITY, FARM SIZE, CROP DIVERSIFICATION, NGOS, MARKETS, MARKETING, SEED, ORGANIZATIONS, INTERNATIONAL MAIZE AND WHEAT IMPROVEMENT CENTER, INDICATORS, RESEARCH, FARMING, FOOD SUPPLIES, LIVESTOCK, EXTENSION, HISTORY, LABOR, FARMERS, CROPS, PRODUCE, LIVESTOCK FARMING, FIELD TRIALS, FOOD SECURITY, WAGES, AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION, CROP, LABOR DEMAND, FAMILY, EXTENSION SERVICES, VALUE, GENDER, FAMILY LABOR, ICRISAT, MAIZE YIELDS, AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT, CLIMATE, FIELDS, MAIZE PRODUCTION, REPORTS, FARMING HOUSEHOLDS, CROPPING, CROPPING SEASONS, AGRICULTURE, INCOMES, FAO, RICE PRODUCTION, FERTILIZER APPLICATION, FERTILIZER USE, OPPORTUNITY COSTS, ECONOMICS, AGRICULTURAL INPUTS, MIXED CROPPING, MANAGEMENT, CHEMICAL FERTILIZER, INSURANCE, FISHERIES, LAND, SCIENTISTS, SECURITY, GROWING SEASON, EDUCATION, HUMAN ECOLOGY, RISK, FARM, FARMS, BARGAINING, ECOLOGY, COOPERATIVES, AVERAGE YIELDS, INNOVATION, WHEAT, SOILS, PROFIT, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, RICE, YIELDS, LIVELIHOODS, GREEN REVOLUTION, PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES, WOMEN, AGRICULTURAL, FARMING SYSTEMS, FOOD PRICES, LABOR MARKETS, TECHNOLOGIES, OUTCOMES, SAFETY, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, PRICES, SEARCH COSTS, RAINFED AREAS, AGRICULTURAL GOODS, POOR HOUSEHOLDS