Integrating GIS and remote sensing for land use/land cover mapping and groundwater potential assessment for climate-smart cocoa irrigation in Ghana

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dc.creatorAkpoti, Komlavi
dc.creatorDembélé, Moctar
dc.creatorForkuor, G.
dc.creatorObuobie, E.
dc.creatorMabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe
dc.creatorCofie, Olufunke O.
dc.date2023-09-25
dc.date2023-09-30T06:50:03Z
dc.date2023-09-30T06:50:03Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T18:38:08Z
dc.descriptionAlthough Ghana is a leading global cocoa producer, its production and yield have experienced declines in recent years due to various factors, including long-term climate change such as increasing temperatures and changing rainfall patterns, as well as drought events. With the increasing exposure of cocoa-producing regions to extreme weather events, the vulnerability of cocoa production is also expected to rise. Supplemental irrigation for cocoa farmers has emerged as a viable adaptation strategy to ensure a consistent water supply and enhance yield. However, understanding the potential for surface and groundwater irrigation in the cocoa-growing belt remains limited. Consequently, this study aims to provide decision-support maps for surface and groundwater irrigation potential to aid planning and investment in climate-smart cocoa irrigation. Utilizing state-of-the-art geospatial and remote sensing tools, data, and methods, alongside in-situ groundwater data, we assess the irrigation potential within Ghana's cocoa-growing areas. Our analysis identified a total area of 22,126 km2 for cocoa plantations and 125.2 km2 for surface water bodies within the cocoa-growing regions. The multi-criteria analysis (MCA) revealed that approximately 80% of the study area exhibits moderate to very high groundwater availability potential. Comparing the MCA output with existing borehole locations demonstrated a reasonable correlation, with about 80% of existing boreholes located in areas with moderate to very high potential. Boreholes in very high potential areas had the highest mean yield of 90.7 l/min, while those in low groundwater availability potential areas registered the lowest mean yield of 58.2 l/min. Our study offers a comprehensive evaluation of water storage components and their implications for cocoa irrigation in Ghana. While groundwater availability shows a generally positive trend, soil moisture and surface water have been declining, particularly in the last decade. These findings underline the need for climate-smart cocoa irrigation strategies that make use of abundant groundwater resources during deficit periods. A balanced conjunctive use of surface and groundwater resources could thus serve as a sustainable solution for maintaining cocoa production in the face of climate change.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/132074
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/161361
dc.languageen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceAkpoti, Komlavi; Dembele, Moctar; Forkuor, G.; Obuobie, E.; Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe; Cofie, Olufunke. 2023. Integrating GIS and remote sensing for land use/land cover mapping and groundwater potential assessment for climate-smart cocoa irrigation in Ghana. Scientific Reports, 13:16025. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43286-5]
dc.subjectclimate-smart agriculture
dc.subjectcocoa
dc.subjectgroundwater irrigation
dc.subjectland-use mapping
dc.subjectland cover mapping
dc.subjectgroundwater potential
dc.subjectgroundwater assessment
dc.subjectgeographical information systems
dc.subjectremote sensing
dc.subjectsurface water
dc.subjectwater availability
dc.subjectclimate change
dc.titleIntegrating GIS and remote sensing for land use/land cover mapping and groundwater potential assessment for climate-smart cocoa irrigation in Ghana
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional para el Manejo del Agua (IWMI)