The Global HIV Epidemics among Sex Workers

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dc.creatorKerrigan, Deanna
dc.creatorWirtz, Andrea
dc.creatorBaral, Stefan
dc.creatorDecker, Michele
dc.creatorMurray, Laura
dc.creatorPoteat, Tonia
dc.creatorPretorius, Carel
dc.creatorSherman, Susan
dc.creatorSweat, Mike
dc.creatorSemini, Iris
dc.creatorN'Jie, N'Della
dc.creatorStanciole, Anderson
dc.creatorButler, Jenny
dc.creatorOsornprasop, Sutayut
dc.creatorOelrichs, Robert
dc.creatorBeyrer, Chris
dc.date2013-01-30T20:53:56Z
dc.date2013-01-30T20:53:56Z
dc.date2013-01
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:49:24Z
dc.descriptionSince the beginning of the epidemic sex workers have experienced a heightened burden of HIV across settings, despite their higher levels of HIV protective behaviors (UNAIDS, 2009). Unfairly, sex workers have often been framed as 'vectors of disease' and 'core transmitters' rather than workers and human beings with rights in terms of HIV prevention and beyond. By gaining a deeper understanding of the epidemiologic and broader policy and social context within which sex work is set one begins to quickly gain a sense of the complex backdrop for increased risk to HIV among sex workers. This backdrop includes the critical role of stigma, discrimination and violence faced by sex workers, as well as, the importance of community empowerment and mobilization among sex workers to address these regressive forces. The eight country case studies work to highlight the experiences of diverse populations of and contexts for sex work across settings. Given the limited epidemiologic and intervention evaluation data available among male and transgender sex workers, however, our collaborative team (Johns Hopkins University, or JHU, World Bank, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and Global Network of Sex Work Projects, or NSWP) determined that the systematic review, mathematical modeling and cost-effective analyses would focus on female sex workers. Throughout the process of this analysis as a whole, the participation of sex worker perspectives and sex worker organizations such as NSWP and their regional partners has been critical by providing documents and resources, input and consultation throughout the analytical process.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/11/17015107/global-hiv-epidemics-among-sex-workers
dc.identifier978-0-8213-9774-9
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/12217
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/978-0-8213-9774-9
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/411546
dc.languageEnglish
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACCESS TO CONDOMS
dc.subjectACCESS TO TREATMENT
dc.subjectACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME
dc.subjectADULT POPULATION
dc.subjectAGED
dc.subjectAIDS RELIEF
dc.subjectANTENATAL CARE
dc.subjectANTENATAL CLINICS
dc.subjectBASIC PREVENTION
dc.subjectBEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE
dc.subjectBURDEN OF DISEASE
dc.subjectCLINICAL SERVICES
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL SEX
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL SEX WORKER
dc.subjectCONDOM
dc.subjectCONSISTENT CONDOM USE
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDISEASE
dc.subjectDISEASE BURDEN
dc.subjectDISEASE CONTROL
dc.subjectDRUG USER
dc.subjectEMERGENCY PLAN
dc.subjectEPIDEMIC
dc.subjectEPIDEMIC SCENARIOS
dc.subjectEPIDEMICS
dc.subjectEPIDEMIOLOGY
dc.subjectEQUAL ACCESS
dc.subjectFEMALE SEX WORKERS
dc.subjectGLOBAL AIDS RESPONSE
dc.subjectGLOBAL HEALTH
dc.subjectGROSS NATIONAL INCOME
dc.subjectHEALTH SURVEYS
dc.subjectHEPATITIS
dc.subjectHIV
dc.subjectHIV EPIDEMICS
dc.subjectHIV INFECTION
dc.subjectHIV INFECTIONS
dc.subjectHIV POSITIVE
dc.subjectHIV PREVALENCE
dc.subjectHIV PREVENTION
dc.subjectHIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectHIV TESTING
dc.subjectHIV TRANSMISSION
dc.subjectHIV/AIDS
dc.subjectHUMAN BEINGS
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectHUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
dc.subjectHUMAN RIGHTS
dc.subjectHUMAN RIGHTS IMPERATIVE
dc.subjectHUMAN TRAFFICKING
dc.subjectIMMUNE DEFICIENCY
dc.subjectIMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME
dc.subjectIMMUNODEFICIENCY
dc.subjectIMPACT OF VIOLENCE
dc.subjectINCIDENCE OF HIV
dc.subjectINFECTIONS
dc.subjectINFECTIONS AMONG ADULTS
dc.subjectINJECTING DRUG USE
dc.subjectINJECTION DRUG
dc.subjectINJECTION DRUG USE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE
dc.subjectINTIMATE PARTNERS
dc.subjectLACK OF INFORMATION
dc.subjectLEGAL STATUS
dc.subjectLOW PREVALENCE
dc.subjectMALARIA
dc.subjectMALE CLIENTS
dc.subjectMALE SEX
dc.subjectMEDICAL CARE
dc.subjectMEDICAL COSTS
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMINISTRY OF HEALTH
dc.subjectMOTHER-TO-CHILD
dc.subjectNATIONAL AIDS
dc.subjectNATIONAL AIDS COMMISSION
dc.subjectNATIONAL SURVEILLANCE
dc.subjectNEW INFECTIONS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF NEW INFECTIONS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF PEOPLE
dc.subjectNUMBER OF WOMEN
dc.subjectNURSING
dc.subjectNUTRITION
dc.subjectPEER EDUCATION
dc.subjectPEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectPREGNANT WOMEN
dc.subjectPREVENTION AND CARE
dc.subjectPREVENTION INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectPREVENTION OF MOTHER
dc.subjectPREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION
dc.subjectPREVENTION STRATEGIES
dc.subjectPROSTITUTE
dc.subjectPROSTITUTES
dc.subjectPROSTITUTION
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectPUBLIC POLICY
dc.subjectRAPE
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE AGE
dc.subjectRESOURCE ALLOCATION
dc.subjectRESOURCE ALLOCATIONS
dc.subjectRIGHTS ORGANIZATIONS
dc.subjectRISK FACTORS
dc.subjectRISK POPULATIONS
dc.subjectRISK STATUS
dc.subjectSAFE SEX
dc.subjectSERVICE PROVISION
dc.subjectSEX
dc.subjectSEX PRACTICES
dc.subjectSEX WITH MEN
dc.subjectSEX WORK
dc.subjectSEX WORKER
dc.subjectSEX WORKER ORGANIZATIONS
dc.subjectSEX WORKERS
dc.subjectSEXUAL BEHAVIOR
dc.subjectSEXUAL PARTNERS
dc.subjectSEXUAL PARTNERSHIPS
dc.subjectSEXUAL PRACTICES
dc.subjectSEXUAL VIOLENCE
dc.subjectSEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION
dc.subjectSOCIAL COHESION
dc.subjectSOCIAL MOBILIZATION
dc.subjectSOCIAL SCIENCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSTIS
dc.subjectSURVEILLANCE DATA
dc.subjectTHERAPY
dc.subjectTREATMENT AND CARE
dc.subjectTREATMENT SERVICES
dc.subjectTUBERCULOSIS
dc.subjectUNAIDS
dc.subjectUNFPA
dc.subjectUNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND
dc.subjectUNIVERSAL ACCESS
dc.subjectUNIVERSAL ACCESS TO TREATMENT
dc.subjectVECTORS
dc.subjectVIOLENCE
dc.subjectVULNERABILITY
dc.subjectWORKING CONDITIONS
dc.subjectWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
dc.titleThe Global HIV Epidemics among Sex Workers

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