AMBIENTAL IMPACTS CAUSED BY THE APPLICATION OF POULTRY SLAUGHTERHOUSE WASTEWATER ON SOILS
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Universidade Federal do Paraná
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Poultry slaughterhouses generate significant amounts of wastewater, therefore, for the slaughter of each bird about 15 liters of water are spent. The main characteristics of these effluents are the high organic load and concentration of nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus. An alternative to reduce treatment cos ts of this residue would be to use it directly within the soil. The nutrients present in the effluent can be used in agriculture to replace the synthetic commercial fertilizers. This trial aimed at evaluating the application o f poultry raw effluent in a Oxisol and registered possible environmental impacts by ions leaching, in 10 x 60 cm (diameter x height) PVC columns filled with 50 cm of soil. Four doses were applied with four replications in soil columns, which were defined according to nitrogen require ment regarding a 9.17 Mg ha - 1 corn yield (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200%). In each column, there have been five 1.42 L water applications, which corresponded to the highest rainfall recorded in the region (180.95 mm during a day). Ions of Ca, Mg, K and P leachat e contents do not exceed the limits of water quality, established by CONAMA Resolution; while N contents extrapolated too much such conditions. The leaching analysis showed differences in the increment of N, K and organic carbon in the upper layers (0 - 20 c m) in relation to the lowest ones (20 - 50 cm).
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