Analyzing Early Childhood Development (ECD) in Yangon and rural Ayeyarwady: October - November 2023
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International Food Policy Research Institute
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KEY FINDINGS
• Support for learning: 79 percent of children received four or more stimulating activities, but only 20 percent had three or more books; fathers’ engagement with children (30 percent)
lags behind mothers (81 percent).
• Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments (CREDI): the standardized score in the study sample was 58.4, which is lower than scores reported in similar studies from India
(70.0), Tanzania (64.0), and Armenia (81.8)
• Household inequalities: Asset-rich, food-secure households show higher ECD scores; severe food insecurity lowers scores by ~2 points.
• Conflict and shocks: Migration and physical insecurity reduce ECD scores by 0.5-1.0 points.
• Parental influences: Fathers’ education boosts ECD outcomes; maternal depression and low aspirations for girls reduce ECD outcomes.
• Care quality: Inadequate care reduces ECD scores by 1.3 points; stunting lowers ECD scores by 0.8 points, while access to books and ECE increases ECD scores by 0.7 points.
Palabras clave
child development, parental behaviour, household income, food security, migration, conflicts