Russian WTO Accession : What Has Been Accomplished, What Can Be Expected
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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This paper summarizes the principal
reform commitments that Russia has undertaken as part of its
World Trade Organization (WTO) accession negotiations,
providing detailed assessments in banking, insurance, and
agriculture. The paper assesses the gains to the Russian
economy from these commitments, based on a summary of
several modeling efforts undertaken by the author and his
colleagues. The author compares Russian commitments with
those of other countries that have recently acceded to the
WTO to assess the claim that the demands on Russia are
excessive due to political considerations. He explains why
Russian WTO accession will result in the elimination of the
Jackson-Vanik Amendment against Russia. Finally, he
discusses the remaining issues in the negotiations and the
time frame for Russian accession as of the fall of 2007.
Palabras clave
ACCESSION COMMITMENTS, ACCESSION NEGOTIATIONS, ACCESSION PROCESS, ACCESSION TO THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE, AGGREGATE EXPORTS, AGGREGATE TRADE, AGRICULTURAL MARKET ACCESS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES, AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT, AGRICULTURE, ANTIDUMPING, ANTIDUMPING CASES, ARBITRATION, ASSET MANAGEMENT, AVERAGE TARIFF, AVERAGE TARIFFS, BANK POLICY, BANKING REGULATION, BANKING SERVICES, BENCHMARK, BILATERAL AGREEMENT, BILATERAL AGREEMENTS, BRANCH BANKING, CAPITAL GOODS, CENTRAL BANK, COMPARATIVE ECONOMICS, CONFLICTS OF INTEREST, CONSUMERS, CREDIT CARDS, CROP INSURANCE, CROSS BORDER PROVISION, CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATION, CUSTOMS UNIONS, DEPOSITORS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DIRECT PAYMENTS, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT, DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCEDURES, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC LAW, EQUIPMENT, EXPENDITURES, EXPORT MARKETS, EXPORT PRICE, EXPORT TAXES, EXPORTERS, EXPORTS, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, FINANCIAL SERVICES, FORECASTS, FOREIGN BANKS, FOREIGN CAPITAL, FOREIGN COMPANIES, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, FOREIGN INVESTOR, FOREIGN INVESTORS, FOREIGN OWNERSHIP, FOREIGN OWNERSHIP OF BANKS, FREE RIDER, FREE RIDER PROBLEM, GDP, GOVERNMENT BUDGET, HIGH TARIFFS, HOST COUNTRY, IMPORT TARIFFS, INCOME, INSURANCE, INSURANCE COMPANIES, INSURANCE FIRMS, INSURANCE INDUSTRY, INSURANCE MARKET, INSURANCE MARKETS, INSURANCE PREMIUMS, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY REGIME, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL BANKS, INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, INVESTMENT REGIMES, JOINT VENTURE, JOINT VENTURES, LEGAL AGREEMENTS, LEVEL OF COMMITMENTS, LIBERALIZATION, LIFE INSURANCE, LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES, LIFE INSURANCE PREMIUMS, MARKET ACCESS, MARKET REFORM, MARKET_ACCESS, MEMBER COUNTRIES, MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES, MONOPOLY, MULTINATIONAL BANKS, NATIONAL TREATMENT, NATURAL DISASTERS, NON-TARIFF BARRIERS, OPEN ECONOMY, OUTPUT, POLICY MAKERS, POLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POVERTY REDUCTION, PREFERENTIAL STATUS, PRIVATIZATION, REAL EXCHANGE RATE, REGISTRATION SYSTEM, REGULATOR, REGULATORY REGIME, REGULATORY SYSTEM, REPUTATION, RETURNS, SECURITIES, SERVICES DIMENSION, SERVICES SECTORS, SKILLED WORKERS, TARIFF CUTS, TARIFF RATES, TARIFF REDUCTIONS, TARIFF REVENUE, TARIFF SCHEDULE, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS REFORM, TELEPHONE SERVICES, TERMS OF TRADE, TRADE DATA, TRADE DISPUTES, TRADE EFFECTS, TRADE INTERESTS, TRADE ISSUES, TRADE PERFORMANCE, TRADE POLICY, TRADE POLICY REFORM, TRADING, TRADING PARTNERS, TRANSITION ECONOMIES, TRANSPARENCY, TREASURY, TURNOVER, UNDERWRITERS, UNILATERAL REFORMS, UNSKILLED LABOR, WAGES, WORLD ECONOMY, WORLD PRICES, WORLD TRADE, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, WTO, WTO ACCESSION, WTO ACCESSION NEGOTIATIONS, WTO AGREEMENT, WTO AGREEMENTS, WTO COMMITMENTS, WTO MEMBERS, WTO MEMBERSHIP