Enabling Environment Assessment for Scaling up Sanitation Programs : East Java, Indonesia
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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The Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)
is in the start-up phase of a new Global Scaling up
Sanitation Project. The project is applying Total Sanitation
and Sanitation Marketing (TSSM) to stimulate and scale up
sanitation demand and supply. One of the central objectives
of the project is to improve sanitation at a scale
sufficient to meet the 2015 sanitation Millennium
Development Goal (MDG) targets in Indonesia, Tanzania and
the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh.
The baseline assessment of the enabling environment was
carried out during the start-up phase of the overall project
in July and August 2007. A follow-up assessment will be
carried out at the end of project implementation in
mid-2009. The purposes of the baseline assessment are to:
(1) assess to extent to which the programmatic conditions
for scale up and sustainability are in place at the
beginning of the project, and (2) on the basis of the
baseline assessment findings, recommend what should be done
to address the gaps during project implementation, and
determine whether conditions are conducive for scaling up
and sustaining results at the end of the implementation
period. The purpose of the final assessment (at the end of
the implementation period) will be to determine whether
suitable programmatic conditions are in place to meet the
2015 MDG targets and sustain these broader achievements over
time. This report presents the main findings and
recommendations from the baseline assessment of the enabling
environment to scale up, sustain and replicate sanitation
improvements in East Java, Indonesia. In order to ensure
consistency in the assessment findings, WSP developed a
conceptual framework for assessing the enabling environment
for sanitation. This framework was developed based on a
literature review and a series of discussions with key actors.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO SANITATION, ADEQUATE HUMAN RESOURCES, AIR POLLUTION, BASIC SANITATION, BEHAVIOR CHANGE, CAPACITY BUILDING, COMMUNITY WATER, DEMAND FOR SANITATION, DIARRHEA, DISEASES, DISSEMINATION, DOMESTIC WASTEWATER, DRY LATRINES, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EFFECTIVE SANITATION, ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION, EXCRETA DISPOSAL, FINANCIAL COMMITMENTS, FLUSH LATRINES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, GOVERNMENT CAPACITY, GOVERNMENT OFFICES, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROUNDWATER, GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION, GROUNDWATER QUALITY, HAND PUMPS, HANDS WITH SOAP, HANDWASHING, HEALTH CENTERS, HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT, HOME AFFAIRS, HOUSEHOLD LATRINES, HOUSEHOLD SANITATION, HUMAN BEINGS, HUMAN EXCRETA, HYGIENE, HYGIENE BEHAVIOR, HYGIENE EDUCATION, HYGIENE FACILITIES, HYGIENE IMPROVEMENT, HYGIENE ISSUES, HYGIENE PROMOTION, HYGIENE PROMOTION COMPONENT, IMPORTANT POLICY, INADEQUATE SANITATION, INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, INFANT, INFANT EXCRETA, INFANT MORTALITY, INFANT MORTALITY RATE, INFORMED CHOICE, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, LACK OF AWARENESS, LARGE-SCALE SANITATION PROGRAMS, LATRINE, LATRINE PIT, LATRINE PITS, LEGAL STATUS, LIMITED RESOURCES, LIVE BIRTHS, LIVING CONDITIONS, LOCAL CAPACITY, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, LOW-INCOME COMMUNITIES, MANDATES, MASS MEDIA, MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL, MINISTRIES OF HEALTH, MINISTRY OF HEALTH, NATIONAL ACTION, NATIONAL ACTION PLAN, NATIONAL LAWS, NATIONAL LEVEL, NATIONAL LEVELS, NATIONAL POLICY, NATIONAL STRATEGY, PIT LATRINE, PIT LATRINES, PITS, POLICY DEVELOPMENT, POLICY GOALS, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, POLITICAL SUPPORT, POLLUTION, POPULATION DATA, POPULATION GROUPS, POPULATION GROWTH, PROGRESS, PUBLIC AWARENESS, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC SANITATION, PUBLIC SANITATION FACILITIES, PUBLIC SECTOR UTILITIES, PUBLIC SERVICES, PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, PUBLIC WORKS, RESPECT, RISING DEMAND, ROLE OF WOMEN, RURAL AREAS, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL HEALTH, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL SANITATION, RURAL SANITATION COVERAGE, RURAL WATER, RURAL WATER SUPPLY, SAFE DRINKING, SAFE DRINKING WATER, SAFETY, SANITATION, SANITATION AWARENESS, SANITATION COVERAGE, SANITATION DEVELOPMENT, SANITATION FACILITIES, SANITATION FACILITY, SANITATION IMPROVEMENT, SANITATION IMPROVEMENTS, SANITATION INTERVENTIONS, SANITATION INVESTMENTS, SANITATION MARKET, SANITATION POLICY, SANITATION POLICY FORMULATION, SANITATION PROGRAM, SANITATION PROJECTS, SANITATION PROMOTION, SANITATION SECTOR, SANITATION SERVICE, SANITATION SERVICE DELIVERY, SANITATION SERVICES, SCHOOL SANITATION, SEPTIC TANKS, SERVICE PROVIDERS, SHORT SUPPLY, SITE SANITATION, SOAP, SOCIAL PROBLEMS, SOLID WASTE, SOLID WASTE COLLECTION, SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT, SURFACE WATER, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TOILETS, TOTAL SANITATION, TRANSPORTATION, URBAN BIAS, URBAN RESIDENTS, URBAN SANITATION, URBAN SERVICES, URBAN SLUMS, USERS, VILLAGE GOVERNMENT, VOLUME OF WATER, WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT, WATER BODIES, WATER POINTS, WATER QUALITY, WATER SANITATION, WATER SERVICES, WATER SUPPLIES, WATER SUPPLY, WATER SUPPLY COMPONENT, WELLS, WORKFORCE, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION