Nicaragua - Public Expenditure Review : Improving the Poverty Focus of Public Spending
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Washington, DC
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This Public Expenditure Review has two
broad objectives. The first is to analyze the pattern and
evolution of public expenditures in Nicaragua with a view
toward assessing their consistency with the priorities
expressed in the recent Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
(PRSP), as well as recommending ways to improve their
poverty reducing impact. The PRSP puts heavy emphasis on the
social sectors and the rural sectors: projects in these
sectors account for 80 percent of the total portfolio of
poverty reducing projects. Accordingly, the sector reviews
in this report mainly focus on these two sectors plus
transport, which has the single largest sector investment
program. Municipal finances are not covered for lack of
adequate information. The second objective of the PER is to
diagnose Nicaragua's institutional capacity to
implement the poverty reduction programs to be defined in
the PRSP and recommend measures for raising that capacity.
The Joint Staff Assessment of the Interim and full PRSP
point toward the need to proioritize further the poverty
reducing projects and programs envisaged by the government.
Such a prioritization is likely to require a significant
reallocation of public resources that could strain the
limited capacity of the public sector's planning and
budgeting framework. As part of this institutional
diagnosis, the PER also evaluates the tracking mechanism to
monitor the use of HIPC funds, and recommends measures for
strengthening it.
Palabras clave
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AUTHORITY, AVERAGE LEVEL, BASIC EDUCATION, BORROWING, BUDGET ALLOCATIONS, BUDGET EXECUTION, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING, COST EFFECTIVENESS, CROWDING OUT, CURRENCY UNIT, DATA COLLECTION, DEBT, DEBT MANAGEMENT, DEBT RELIEF, DEBT SERVICE, DECREE, DEVELOPMENT CO-OPERATION, DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL, DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY, DOMESTIC SAVINGS, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EDUCATION PROGRAMS, ELECTRICITY, EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, FINANCIAL SERVICES, FISCAL, FISCAL DISCIPLINE, FISCAL INCENTIVES, FISCAL SURPLUS, FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY, FORMAL ECONOMY, GOVERNANCE INDICATORS, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HEALTH SERVICE, HOUSING, IMPORTS, INCOME GROWTH, INCOME LEVELS, INDEBTED COUNTRIES, INFORMAL SECTOR, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS, LABOR FORCE, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, LIVING STANDARD, LIVING STANDARDS, LONG TERM, MANAGEMENT CAPACITY, MARKET ECONOMY, MEDIUM TERM, MINISTRY OF FINANCE, MUNICIPALITIES, NATIONAL INCOME, NATIONAL SCALE, NATIONS, NUTRITION, OPEC, ORGANIZATION OF PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES, OVERALL EXPENDITURE, POLICY FRAMEWORK, POLICY MAKING, POOR COUNTRIES, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY FOCUS, POVERTY INDICATORS, POVERTY OUTCOMES, POVERTY PROFILE, POVERTY REDUCING, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, PRESIDENCY, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRO-POOR, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PROVISIONS, PUBLIC ACTIONS, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, PUBLIC POLICIES, PUBLIC RESOURCES, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT, PUBLIC SECTOR PROJECTS, PUBLIC SECTOR REFORM, PUBLIC SERVICE, PUBLIC SERVICES, PUBLIC SPENDING, RECURRENT EXPENDITURES, REDUCING POVERTY, ROADS, SAVINGS, SECTOR EMPLOYMENT, SECTOR POLICY, SECTORAL COMPOSITION, SERVICE DELIVERY, SERVICE QUALITY, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL SECTOR, SOCIAL SECTORS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SPENDING, STANDARD DEVIATION, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT, TAX, TAX RATES, TAX REVENUES, TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, WAGES PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES, SOCIAL SECTOR, TRANSPORT SECTOR, HEAVILY INDEBTED POOR COUNTRIES, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES, BUDGETING, PRIORITIES, PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAMS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS, GOVERNMENT SPENDING POLICY, BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION, SOCIAL FUNDS, FOREIGN AID