Getting the (Gender-Disaggregated) Lay of the Land
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Foundational to the monitoring of international goals on
land ownership and rights are the household survey respondents
who provide the required individual-disaggregated
data. Leveraging two national surveys in Malawi that differed
in their approach to respondent selection, this study
shows that, compared with the international best practice
of privately interviewing adults about their personal asset
ownership and rights, the business-as-usual approach of
interviewing the most knowledgeable household member(s)
on adult household members’ ownership of and rights to
assets leads to (i) higher rates of exclusive reported and
economic ownership of agricultural land among men, and
(ii) lower rates of joint reported and economic ownership
among women. Further, substantial agreement exists on
agricultural landowners and rights holders, as reported
by the privately-interviewed spouses. When discrepancies
emerge, proxies for greater household status for women
are positively associated with the scenarios where women
attribute at least some land ownership to themselves.
Palabras clave
GENDER, LAND RIGHTS, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, RESPONDENT SELECTION, LAND OWNERSHIP