India - Himachal Pradesh : Accelerating Development and Sustaining Success in a Hill State
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Washington, DC
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This Economic Report is the first by the
World Bank on the economy of Himachal Pradesh (HP), and the
first on a hill state in India. HP is a unique state in many
respects-most importantly because of the enormous success it
has achieved over the past three decades, despite severe
structural disadvantages of relative remoteness,
environmental fragility, and a difficult hill terrain,
characteristic of Himalayan states in India. The study sets
out to document, first, the remarkable success that the
state has achieved in terms of sustained growth and human
development, and the underlying reasons in terms of
supportive policies and social cohesion. In this respect, HP
makes an important contribution to lessons of success for
the other nine Himalayan hill states in India. The second,
and more extensive part of the Report, is forward-looking.
It describes how it might be possible to build on the past
success that HP has achieved, and, at the same time, address
some crucial economic and social transitions that will be
essential for the state to firmly secure its future: (i) a
sustained increase in income levels along with an enabling
environment for the private sector; (ii) the creation of
suitable jobs based on enhanced productivity and skill s of
its young labor force that can shift from public to private
sector employment; and (iii) the utilization of natural
resources like hydropower, forests, and water resources
wisely and well. There is every reason to be confident that
HP can meet these challenges. The state's past enviable
track record is testimony to the ability of its people and
leadership to forge a social consensus and compact necessary
to achieve such goals. The Report seeks to provide an
analysis of HP's current economic situation, and to lay
out a menu of reform options that can help build on
HP's considerable strengths and opportunities, and
address some of the main challenges ahead.
Palabras clave
ABSENTEEISM, AIR, BANK INVOLVEMENT, BORROWING, BORROWINGS, BUDGET FORMULATION, BUDGET PROCESS, BUDGETING, BUSINESS CLIMATE, BUSINESS PLANS, CAPITAL EXPENDITURE, CAPITAL OUTLAY, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES, CONTRIBUTION, CONTRIBUTIONS, COST RECOVERY, CROP INSURANCE, CURRENT EXPENDITURES, DEBT, DEBT CRISIS, DEBT STOCK, DEBT SUSTAINABILITY, DECENTRALIZATION, DECISION MAKING, DELIVERY MECHANISMS, DIVERSIFICATION, DIVIDENDS, DRIVERS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIC SITUATION, ELECTRICITY, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, ENABLING ENVIRONMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES, EVASION, EXCISE DUTY, EXPENDITURES, EXPLOITATION, EXTENSION SERVICES, FEE STRUCTURE, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, FISCAL BURDEN, FISCAL CONSTRAINTS, FISCAL DEFICITS, FISCAL POSITION, FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY, FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY, FIXED ASSETS, FORESTRY, FUTURE GROWTH, GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RESOURCE, HUMAN RESOURCES, INCOME, INCOME LEVELS, INCOMES, INCREASE IN INCOME, INFRASTRUCTURAL CONSTRAINTS, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS, INSURANCE, INTEREST PAYMENTS, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, JOB CREATION, LABOR FORCE, LIVING STANDARDS, MANAGING DEBT, MARKETING, MOTOR VEHICLE, MOTOR VEHICLES, NATURAL RESOURCE BASE, NATURAL RESOURCES, O&M, PENSION, PENSION SCHEMES, PENSIONABLE PAY, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLLUTION, POLLUTION CONTROL, PORTFOLIOS, POVERTY RATES, PRIVATE INVESTMENT, PRIVATE PARTIES, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION, PRODUCTIVITY, PUBLIC, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC PARTICIPATION, PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SERVICE, PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY, PUBLIC SPENDING, RAPID GROWTH, REAL ECONOMIC GROWTH, RECORD KEEPING, REPAYMENT, RESEARCH ASSISTANCE, RESOURCE USE, RETURNS, REVENUE PERFORMANCE, RIVER BASINS, ROAD, ROAD TRANSPORT, ROADS, SAFETY, SAFETY NETS, SALARIES, SALARY, SALE, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL SECURITY, STAKEHOLDERS, STAMP DUTY, STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, TAX, TAX COLLECTION, TAX INCENTIVES, TAX REGIME, TAX REVENUE, TAX REVENUES, TAXATION, TEACHER TRAINING, TRADING, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE, URBAN MANAGEMENT, URBANIZATION, USER CHARGES, VALUABLE, WAGE, WATERSHED