Cross-border coordination of livestock movements and sharing of natural resources to strengthen the resilience of pastoralist communities in the Greater Karamoja Cluster
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Frequent and persistent droughts are a recurrent feature of the Greater Karamoja Cluster (GKC). The impacts of these droughts are exacerbated by climate change, advancing desertification and the environmental degradation of rangelands. The resulting persistent food insecurity of pastoralist communities is worsened by the occurence of transboundary animal diseases (TADs) and the eruption of conflicts over natural resources within countries and across borders.
The Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO) decade-long work in the GKC shows that interventions focusing on livestock mobility and natural resource management play an important role towards strengthening livelihoods, sustaining peace and indirectly preventing conflict. More specifically, the sustainable cross-border sharing of natural resources and the coordination of animal movements (and the services associated with it, such as vaccination and health inspection) have been used effectively by FAO and its partners to prevent and mitigate conflicts. Interventions combining a focus on livestock mobility and the preservation of natural resources with the goals of sustainable social transformation, innovation and conflict prevention have proved most cost-effective at increasing resilience.
FAO and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development’s (IGAD) Centre for Pastoral Areas and Livestock Development (ICPALD) have been the main facilitators of efforts to promote intercommunity, cross-border coordination of livestock mobility and sharing of natural resources in IGAD cross-border areas. This document presents FAO’s experience in this respect, gained over the past decade in different cross-border areas of Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda and South Sudan.