Roads to agency

World Bank Group

Roads to agency

Autores

World Bank Group

Editor

World Bank, Washington, DC

Descripción

Infrastructure projects, and more specifically, roads construction, and maintenance are one of the core operations of the World Bank. However, despite the increase of gender mainstreaming efforts in transport projects little is known about the effects of these interventions on women’s agency defined as the ability to make effective choices and transform these choices into desired outcomes’. This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap. The study looks at the effects of women’s participation in roads construction and maintenance and rural economy promotion activities on women’s agency, which has recently become a focus of study at the World Bank. Through individual interviews and focus groups the study assesses the effects of women-targeted interventions in three rural transport projects in Argentina, Nicaragua, and Peru. By focusing on agency, the study sheds light on effects of gender mainstreaming interventions that have more lasting effects on gender equality given the catalytic value of agency on other gender outcomes such as economic opportunities and endowments. The report is structured as follows: section one gives introduction. Second section describes the gender dimensions and agency-enhancing approaches in transport projects and the gender approaches in project implementation in the selected case studies. The third section provides a summary of the methodology of the study. The fourth section describes the key findings of the qualitative research. The fifth section presents the lessons learned to inform future rural transport interventions. The sixth section provides concluding remarks.

Palabras clave

TRANSPORT MARKET, AUTOMOBILE, TRANSPORT SECTOR, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, INDIGENOUS WOMEN, ROAD IMPROVEMENTS, GENDER MAINSTREAMING EFFORTS, OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN, TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, VEHICLES, TRANSPORTATION COSTS, RURAL WOMEN, ROAD BUILDING, PROPERTY RIGHTS, TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH, LABOR FORCE, TREND, FEMALE PARTICIPANTS, DISCRIMINATION, GENDER EQUITY, RURAL TRANSPORT, TRAVEL BEHAVIOR, BICYCLES, TRAFFIC, ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE, ROAD MAINTENANCE, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, WEALTH, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, AFFIRMATIVE ACTION, ACCESS TO HEALTH, GENDER FOCAL POINTS, GENDER BIAS, AWARENESS TRAINING, DRIVERS, TRANSPORT DESIGN, GENDER DIMENSIONS, TRANSPORT MODES, TRAVEL COSTS, TRAVEL ACTIVITY, VEHICLE, LABOR MARKET, TYPES OF ROADS, CAR USE, BARRIERS TO PARTICIPATION, ROAD, COSTS, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, TRAINING, INFORMAL ECONOMY, ROAD SECTOR, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, TRANSPORT, GENDER MAINSTREAMING, LONG-DISTANCE, TRANSPORT PLANNING, MOBILITY, RAPE, ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT, ACCESS ROADS, VIOLENCE, GENDER AWARENESS, GENDER APPROACH, GENDER NORMS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, TRUE, TRANSPORT PROJECTS, INTERSECTIONS, RURAL ROADS, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, FEMALE WORK, ROUTE, GENDER ISSUES, TRANSPORT POLICY, CHILD CARE, WDR, GRANTS, TRAVEL PATTERNS, INFRASTRUCTURE, TAXES, BUSES, ACCESS TO SCHOOLS, INITIATIVES, FEMALE ENGINEERS, GENDER GAPS, DRIVING, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE, GENDER SEGREGATION, TRAVEL, TRANSPORTATION, TRANSIT, ACCESS TO JOBS, POLICIES, WHO, TRUCKS, GENDER EXPERT, GENDER SPECIALIST, ROAD MANAGEMENT, WOMEN EMPLOYEES, POLICE, ROAD SAFETY, CARS, GENDER, HOUSEHOLD TRANSPORT, HOUSEHOLD TRAVEL, MEANS OF TRANSPORT, ACCESSIBILITY, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, GENDER AWARENESS TRAINING, AWARENESS WORKSHOPS, WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT, FAMILY PLANNING, PUBLIC TRANSPORT, GENDER RELATED ACTIVITIES, FLEXIBLE WORKING ARRANGEMENTS, URBAN MOBILITY, FORM OF VIOLENCE, TRIP PURPOSES, ROAD PROJECTS, ACCESS TO MARKETS, INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS, PUBLIC WORKS, HOUSEHOLD CHORES, PORT INFRASTRUCTURE, ELDERLY PEOPLE, STREETS, BRIDGE, MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT, OLDER WOMEN, ROAD USER, ROADS, PUBLIC TRANSPORT MARKET, CAR, PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, PEDESTRIAN ACCIDENT, ACCIDENTS, PEDESTRIAN, VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN, INSTITUTIONAL LINKAGES, LABORERS, TRIP, RURAL TRANSPORTATION, GIRLS, INVESTMENTS, CONFLICT RESOLUTION, ROAD CONDITIONS, HOUSEHOLD WORK, WOMEN, TRANSPORT COSTS, LABOR MARKETS, ROAD TRANSPORT, TRAVEL TIME, SAFETY, BARRIERS TO WOMEN, GENDER ROLES, TRANSPORT POLICIES, GENDER EQUALITY, ACCIDENT RATES