Small Area Estimation of Poverty in Rural Bhutan
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The Small Area Estimation (SAE) of
poverty in Rural Bhutan was prepared with an objective to
provide a more disaggregated picture of poverty in Bhutan
down to the gewog level, based on the Bhutan living standard
survey 2007 and Population and Housing Census of Bhutan
(PHCB) 2005. The report records the estimation process in
detail and describes results of statistical tests for
quality checks. According to these tests, the poverty
estimates at the gewog level are reliable. The report also
enhances the transparency of the process and intends to
serve as a guide for future updates. According to the
Poverty Analysis Report (PAR) 2007, about one-fourth of the
country's population is estimated to be poor with rural
poverty as high as 30.9 percent. This report, which presents
some results of the SAE, compliments the PAR 2007. However,
vast differences in poverty levels across dzongkhag
(district) and gewog (sub-district) persist. Popular
perceptions suggest that the geography of poverty and of
economic affluence is accentuated at the local level, and
that an understanding of the spatial distribution of
economic welfare is needed in order to spread the benefits
of growth to lagging regions. In order to fulfill
Bhutan's development philosophy of gross national
happiness, and poverty reduction, it is essential to
understand its geographic and spatial patterns. In the case
of Bhutan, its land-locked geography and sparse population
pose major challenges for poverty reduction. Poverty maps
will help the government and development partners locate
pockets of poverty which might otherwise be overlooked.
Palabras clave
ACCESS INDICATORS, ACCESS TO EDUCATION, ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, ACCESS TO MARKETS, ACCESS TO SERVICES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, BACKWARD AREAS, BETTER ACCESS TO MARKETS, BLOCK GRANTS, CALORIE INTAKE, CAPACITY BUILDING, CAPACITY-BUILDING, CHILD NUTRITION, CONSUMPTION DATA, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES, DATA ISSUES, DATA SETS, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, DEVELOPMENT PRACTITIONERS, DEVELOPMENT REPORT, DISAGGREGATED LEVEL, DRIVERS OF POVERTY REDUCTION, ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, ECONOMIC POLICY, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, ELDERLY PEOPLE, EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEME, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, ESTIMATED COEFFICIENTS, ESTIMATION METHOD, EXPLANATORY VARIABLES, FARM ROAD, FOOD BUNDLE, FOOD CONSUMPTION, FOOD EXPENDITURE, FOOD ITEMS, FOOD POVERTY, FOOD REQUIREMENTS, FOOD SECURITY, GEOGRAPHICAL TARGETING, HIGH POVERTY, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD HEADS, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HOUSING, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, INCOME, INCOME LEVELS, INDICATOR OF POVERTY, INEQUALITY, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, LABOR FORCE, LAGGING REGIONS, LITERACY, LIVING STANDARDS, NATIONAL POVERTY, NATIONAL POVERTY LINE, NATIONAL POVERTY RATE, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE, POINT ESTIMATE, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, POLICY INTERVENTIONS, POLICY MAKERS, POLICY RESEARCH, POOR, POOR AREAS, POOR PEOPLE, POOR POPULATION, POOR POPULATIONS, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGY, POVERTY ANALYSIS, POVERTY DATA, POVERTY ESTIMATES, POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE, POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATES, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY INDICATORS, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY LINES, POVERTY MAP, POVERTY MAPPING, POVERTY MAPPING EXERCISE, POVERTY MAPPING METHODOLOGY, POVERTY MAPS, POVERTY RATE, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION POLICIES, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PUBLIC SERVICE, QUALITY OF LIFE, REDUCING POVERTY, REGIONAL DIFFERENCES, REGIONAL SCIENCE, REMOTE AREAS, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RURAL, RURAL ACCESS, RURAL AREA, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL ELECTRIFICATION, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL POVERTY RATES, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION, SPATIAL PATTERN, SPATIAL PATTERNS, STANDARD DEVIATION, STANDARD OF LIVING, SUBSISTENCE, TARGETING, TOTAL POVERTY, TOTAL POVERTY LINE, URBAN AREAS, URBAN POVERTY, WELFARE INDICATORS