2026-07-01http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/415669Given relatively few resources and lagging health outcomes in Yemen, the quest for equitable, cost-effective health care delivery continues as long-term, sustainable development remains a priority. This paper assesses overall value for money of the health system mainly as indicated by an analysis of public expenditure trends from 1997 until 2008 and by the degree to which health care benefits are conferred equitably to the population. Total health expenditure in 2007 accounted for 5.2 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), or only PPP$ 41 per capita, with nearly 70 percent sourced by direct household payments (67 percent). Despite recent improvements in health status, Yemen continues to lag behind countries of similar or lower income and health expenditure levels. Levels of health outcomes in Vietnam, Indonesia and the Kyrgyz Republic are 2 to 6 times better than levels found in Yemen regarding the proportion of infants with low birth weight, the prevalence of malnutrition amongst children, the rate of births delivered by skilled attendants, and the rate of coverage of antenatal services. Although health facilities are relatively evenly distributed across the population, the operational status and quality of these facilities is highly variable. The availability of pharmaceuticals at health facilities ranges from 31 percent of facilities having medications on site in the governorate of Al-Maharah to 94 percent in Amran. To more effectively alleviate inequities and inefficiencies in health service delivery in Yemen, national policies are recommended to more strategically prioritize resource allocation and develop innovative service delivery models to more efficiently connect rural communities.application/pdftext/plainCC BY 3.0 IGOhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/World BankABILITY TO PAYACCESS TO HEALTH CAREACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICESANTENATAL CAREBEDSBURDEN OF DISEASECARDIOVASCULAR DISEASECHILD BIRTHCHILD DELIVERYCHILD DEVELOPMENTCHILD HEALTHCHILD MORTALITYCHILD MORTALITY RATESCHILD NUTRITIONCHRONIC CONDITIONSCITIZENSCLINICSCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROLCOMMUNICABLE DISEASESCOMMUNITY DEVELOPMENTCOMMUNITY HEALTHCOMMUNITY HEALTH CARECOMPLICATIONSDEATHSDEBTDELIVERY CAREDENTAL CAREDIABETESDISABILITYDISPARITIES IN HEALTHDRUGSEARLY CHILDHOODECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIESELDERLYEQUITY IN ACCESSFAMILY CAREFERTILITYFERTILITY RATEFINANCE MANAGEMENTFINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFINANCIAL RISKFINANCING POLICIESGENDER PARITYGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROSS NATIONAL INCOMEGYNECOLOGYHEALTH ADMINISTRATIONHEALTH BURDENHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE CENTERSHEALTH CARE COSTSHEALTH CARE DELIVERYHEALTH CARE EXPENDITURESHEALTH CARE FACILITIESHEALTH CARE INFRASTRUCTUREHEALTH CARE PERSONNELHEALTH CARE PROVIDERHEALTH CARE PROVIDERSHEALTH CARE SERVICESHEALTH CARE SPENDINGHEALTH CARE SYSTEMHEALTH CARE UTILIZATIONHEALTH CARE WORKERSHEALTH CENTERSHEALTH CLINICSHEALTH CONDITIONSHEALTH EDUCATIONHEALTH EXPENDITUREHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH FACILITIESHEALTH FINANCINGHEALTH INDICATORSHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH ORGANIZATIONHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH POLICIESHEALTH PROFESSIONALSHEALTH PROGRAMSHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SECTOR REFORMHEALTH SERVICEHEALTH SERVICE DELIVERYHEALTH SERVICE UTILIZATIONHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH STATUSHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH TRAININGHIGH-RISK PREGNANCIESHIVHIV/AIDSHOSPITALHOSPITAL CAREHOSPITAL SERVICESHOSPITALSHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCESHUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENTHUNGERILL HEALTHILLNESSILLNESSESIMMUNIZATIONINCOMEINCOME INEQUALITYINEQUITIESINFANTINFANT MORTALITYINFANT MORTALITY RATEINFANT MORTALITY RATESINFANTSINFECTION PREVENTIONINFECTIOUS DISEASESINFORMATION SYSTEMINFORMATION SYSTEMSINJURIESINPATIENT CAREINSURANCE SCHEMESINTEGRATIONINTERMEDIARIESKIDSLABOR FORCELEVELS OF EDUCATIONLIFE EXPECTANCYLIVE BIRTHSLIVING CONDITIONSLOCAL AUTHORITIESLOW BIRTH WEIGHTMALARIAMALNUTRITION AMONG CHILDRENMATERNAL DEATHSMATERNAL HEALTHMATERNAL MORTALITYMATERNAL MORTALITY RATEMATERNAL MORTALITY RATESMATERNAL MORTALITY RATIOMATERNAL MORTALITY RATIOSMEDICAL SERVICESMEDICAL SUPPLIESMEDICINESMENTAL HEALTHMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMINISTRY OF HEALTHMORTALITYNATIONAL HEALTH EXPENDITURESNATIONAL POLICIESNATURAL RESOURCESNATURE OF HEALTHNURSINGNUTRITIONOUTPATIENT SERVICESPHARMACIESPHYSICIANPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOPULATION GROWTHPOPULATION GROWTH RATEPOPULATION GROWTH RATESPOPULATION TRENDSPRENATAL CAREPRIMARY HEALTH CAREPRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICESPRIMARY HEALTH SERVICESPRIMARY SCHOOLPROBABILITYPROGRESSPROVIDER PAYMENTPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH CAREQUALITATIVE INFORMATIONQUALITY CONTROLQUALITY OF CAREQUALITY OF HEALTHREFERRAL SYSTEMSREFUGEESREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHREPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROGRAMSREPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICESRESIDENTIAL CARERESOURCE ALLOCATIONRESPECTRISK FACTORSRURAL AREASRURAL COMMUNITIESSAFETY NETSANITATIONSECTORAL POLICIESSERVICE PROVIDERSSKILLED ATTENDANTSSKILLED HEALTH PERSONNELSKILLED PERSONNELSKILLS DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL EXCLUSIONSOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCESOCIAL SERVICESSOCIAL WELFARESOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTSOCIOECONOMIC STATUSSPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONSTRATEGIC PRIORITIESSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTECHNICAL CAPACITYTUBERCULOSISUNDER-FIVE MORTALITYUNEMPLOYMENTURBAN AREASURBAN DWELLERSUSE OF HEALTH SERVICESUSER FEESWORKERSWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION