2026-07-01http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/416154The delivery of health services in Russia is a federal, regional and municipal responsibility. Reform of the regional health systems, which suffer from over-reliance on curative and inpatient care, deteriorating infrastructure and equipment, and poor quality of services, is a major challenge for the country. From 2003-2008, the World Bank helped strengthen the stewardship capacity of Russia's Federal Ministry of Health and Social Development (MOHSD) and restructure health systems in two pilot regions: the Chuvash Republic and Voronezh oblast. In both regions, hospital bed numbers were reduced while simultaneously increasing service delivery capacity at the primary care, specialized ambulatory, and long-term care facility levels through the introduction of new technologies, clinical protocols, and resource allocation mechanisms that link payments to performance.application/pdftext/plainCC BY 3.0 IGOhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/World BankALCOHOL ABUSEAMBULANCEANESTHESIAAVERAGE OCCUPANCY RATECARDIOVASCULAR DISEASESCERTIFICATIONCERVICAL CANCERCERVICAL CANCER SCREENINGCHRONIC DISEASESCITIESCOMPLICATIONSDAY-CARE FACILITIESDEATHSDELIVERY OF HEALTH SERVICESDIAGNOSISDIETDISABILITYDOCTORSDRUGSEMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICESEMERGENCY TREATMENTFINANCIAL INFORMATIONGENERAL PRACTICEGENERAL PRACTITIONERSHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE DELIVERYHEALTH CARE FACILITIESHEALTH ECONOMICSHEALTH EXPENDITUREHEALTH FACILITIESHEALTH FINANCEHEALTH FINANCINGHEALTH INFORMATIONHEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMSHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH INSURANCE CONTRIBUTIONSHEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMEHEALTH NEEDSHEALTH ORGANIZATIONHEALTH POLICYHEALTH PROMOTIONHEALTH RECORDSHEALTH REFORMHEALTH REFORMSHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SPECIALISTHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH SYSTEM RESTRUCTURINGHEALTH SYSTEMSHEALTH WORKERSHOSPITALHOSPITAL ADMISSIONSHOSPITAL BEDSHOSPITAL CAREHOSPITAL SERVICESHOSPITALSHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCESILL-HEALTHILLNESSESINDIVIDUAL HEALTHINFANTINFANT DEATHSINJURIESINPATIENT CAREINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYLEADING CAUSESLONG - TERM CARELONG-TERM CAREMANAGEMENT OF HEALTHMEDICAL CAREMEDICAL EQUIPMENTMEDICAL FACILITIESMEDICAL PERSONNELMEDICAL RESOURCESMINISTRY OF HEALTHMORTALITYNATIONAL HEALTHNURSESOUTPATIENT SERVICESPATIENTSPHYSICAL ACTIVITYPHYSICIANSPRIMARY CAREPRIMARY HEALTH CAREQUALITY IMPROVEMENTQUALITY OF CAREQUALITY OF SERVICESRADIOREFERRALSREHABILITATIONRESOURCE ALLOCATIONRESOURCE CONSTRAINTSRISK FACTORSRURAL AREASSCREENINGSERVICE DELIVERYSMOKINGSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSURGERYTECHNICAL ASSISTANCETUBERCULOSISTUBERCULOSIS PATIENTSUNIVERSAL ACCESSVACCINATIONSWORKERS