2026-06-27http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/110231With increasing urbanization, the percentage of women participating in the labor force and the percentage of households headed by single mothers have increased. Reliable and affordable child-care alternatives are thus becoming increasingly important in urban areas. The Hogares Comunitarios Program (HCP) was established in Guatemala City in 1991 as a direct response to the increasing need of poor urban dwellers for substitute childcare. This government-sponsored pilot program was designed as a strategy to alleviate poverty by providing working parents with low-cost, high-quality childcare within their community.application/pdfOpen Accesspropertywomengenderdeveloping countrieseconomic theorieshousehold budgethousehold consumptionnutritionfarming systemslegal systempolicieseducationhealthempowermentagricultural technologyagricultural growthchild careproperty rightsnatural resources managementagricultural policiestechnology transferdroughtvegetablesfisherieschildrenBook Chapter